States/ UTs and Capitals Official Language (SSC CGL, CHSL etc.)

State/UT	Capital	Official Language
Andhra Pradesh	Hyderabad	Telugu
Arunachal Pradesh	Itanagar	English
Assam	Dispur	Assamese
Bihar	Patna	Hindi
Chhattisgarh	Raipur	Hindi
Goa	Panaji	Konkani
Gujrat	Gandhinagar	Gujrati
Haryana	Chandigarh	Hindi
Himachal Pradesh	Shimla	Hindi
Jammu and Kashmir	Jammu in winters, Kashmir in summers	Urdu
Jharkhand	Ranchi	Hindi
Karnataka	Bangalore	Kannada
Kerala	Thiruvananthapuram	Malayalam
Madhya Pradesh	Bhopal	Hindi
Maharashtra	Mumbai	Marathi
Manipur	Imphal	Meitei
Meghalaya	Shillong	English
Mizoram	Aizawl	English, Hindi, Mizo
Nagaland	Kohima	English
Odisha	Bhubaneswar	Odia
Punjab	Chandigarh	Punjabi
Rajasthan	Jaipur	Hindi
Sikkim	Gangtok	English
Tamil Nadu	Chennai	Tamil
Telangana	Hyderabad	Telegu, Urdu
Tripura	Agartala	Bengali, English, Kokborok
Uttarakhand	Dehradun	Hindi
Utter Pradesh	Lucknow	Hindi
West Bangal	Kolkata	Bengali, Nepali
Andaman and Nicobar	Port Blair	Hindi, English
Chandigarh	Chandigarh	English
Delhi	Delhi	Hindi
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	Silvasa	Gujrati, Hindi
Daman and diu	Daman	English, Gujrati, Hindi, konkani
Lakshadweep	Kavaratti	English
Puducherry	Puducherry	English, Tamil

Important Elements with their Atomic number and Symbol (SSC CGL, CHSL etc.)

Element	Atomic No.	Symbol
Hydrogen	1	H
Helium	2	He
Carbon	6	C
Nitrogen	7	N
Oxygen	8	O
Neon	10	Ne
Sodium	11	Na
Magnesium	12	Mg
Aluminium	13	Al
Phosphorous	15	P
Sulphur	16	A
Chlorine	17	Cl
Potassium	19	K
Calcium	20	Ca
Iron	26	Fe
Copper	29	Cu
Zinc	30	Zn
Silver	47	Ag
Gold	79	Au

Isobars (SSC CGL, CHSL etc,)

Atoms of different elements having different atomic number but same mass number.

E.g. 18 Ar 40, 19 K 40, 20 Ca 40

Isotopes (SSC CGL, CHSL etc,)

Any of two or  more forms of an element having same atomic number but different mass number.

Isotopes have same number of protons.

Isotopes of Hydrogen are
1. Protium (1H1)
2. Dutirium (1H2)
3. Tritium (1H3)
Tritium is the lightest radioactive elements.

Carbon Isotopes

6 C 12,
6 C 14

Uranium 235 and Uranium 239

Noble Gases or Inert Gases (SSC CGL, CHSL etc.)

These are group 18 elements with fully filled outermost shell(Valence shell).
Properties:
1. Highly Stable
2.Chemically Unreactive

Noble Gas Name	Atomic No.	Uses
Helium(He)	2	1.Used for diluting pure oxygen in deep sea diver gas tanks. 2.inflate tyres of large Aircraft. 3.Weather balloons
Neon(Ne)	10	Used in Sign tubing
Argon(Ar)	18	Arc Welding, Common light bulbs
Krypton(Kr)	36	Photographic flash units, light houses
Xenon(Xe)	54	Photographic flash units, light houses. It is also known as Stranger Gas)

Important metals and their ores for SSC CGL, CHSL etc.

Metal	Ore	Chemical Name of Main Mineral	Chemical Formula
Sodium	Rock Salt	Sodium Chloride	NaCl
Calcium	Limestone	Calcium	CaCO3
Magnesium	Magnesite	Magnesium Carbonate	MgCO3
Aluminium	Bauxite	Aluminium Oxide	Al2CO3
Zinc	Zinc Blende	Zinc Sulphide	ZnS
Iron	Haematite, Magnetite	Iron Oxide, Black Iron Oxide	Fe2O3, Fe3O4
Tin	Cassiterite	Tin(IV) Oxide	SnO2
Lead	Galena	Lead(II) Sulphide	PbS
Copper	Copper Pyrite or Chaco Pyrite	Mixture of Copper(III) Sulphide and Iron Sulphide	CuFeS2 (CuS + FeS)
Mercury	Cinnabar	Mercury(III) Sulphide	HgS
Titanium	Ilmenite	Titanium Iron Oxide	FeTiO3